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The Aberdeen Boys School of Industry
1928 An illustration of the Aberdeen Boys School of Industry in around 1841.
The first Industrial School was opened on 1st October 1841 in Chronicle Lane. It was set up by Sheriff William Watson and was intended for the industrial training of boys between the ages of 8 and 14 years. These boys were the children of the poorest classes, and chiefly 'those who are found to infest our streets, begging and stealing.'
They were educated and provided with food and worked for a few hours per day at teasing wool, netmaking or gardening. Dinner was broth, beef and bread, or occasionally potato soup, or kail.
The boys would go home to their families after 8pm, but those who were homeless went to the House of Refuge.
Religious worship was also an important part of their regime. In the first six months of the school, 109 boys were admitted, although the average daily attendance was less than 60. It was reported that juvenile vagrancy and crime had decreased attendance at the Industrial School was made compulsory.
It was then found necessary to find a larger building in 1856 which eventually became Oldmill Reformatory. Industrial Schools existed until the mid 1930s. 446 and 448 Union Street
2615 This photograph of Union Street was taken in 1936 and shows the premises of John Raffan, shoe fitting specialists, at 446 and Dugan & Mitchell, clothiers, at 448 Union Street.
James Dugan and Duncan Mitchell entered into partnership around 1919. Mitchell had previously been in the former's employment as a cutter.
Dugan had worked as a tailor on his own account since about 1907 in premises in Bon Accord Street, Rose Street and 443 Union Street. Prior to this he was a commercial traveller representing two local tailoring firms; Messers Milne and Low and Messers Kenneth McLean and Sons.
He became a well respected figure in the tailoring and clothing trade in Aberdeen and the North East. He was the son of a china merchant in George Street called Hugh Dugan. James was married and had a daughter. He died suddenly at his residence at Glen-Shiel, Bieldside on 10th May 1927.
Duncan Mitchell was a native of Largs, Ayrshire and served his apprenticeship in Glasgow. He was a keen golfer and was a member of the Deeside Golf Club. He died aged 73 after a short illness in January 1955.
John Raffan died on Sunday 10th June 1906 after suffering an apoplectic seizure in his Union Steet shop the preceding Friday. He was 52 years old at the time of his death. He was born in the parish of Ordiquhill and his father was a shoemaker named James Raffan.
He served his apprenticeship in Portsoy with a draper called James Guthrie before coming to Aberdeen. He worked with Messers J. & A. Gibb and Mr James Saint, warehousemen and silk mercers, prior to starting his own business as a boot and shoe merchant in Market Street and then Union Street.
Beyond his business, Raffan was deeply involved in religious and philanthropic work. He was a force in the establishment of Union Grove Baptist Church and was connected to Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, as a life member, the Aberdeen Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor, the Seabank Home, and Stronach's Close Mission. He was married and had a daughter and two sons.
Above the shop fronts is a sign for Imperial Typewriters. The buildings in this photograph were across the road, just west, from the Capitol Cinema. They are still visible today. In more recent times they have been occupied by general food shops such as the Co-operative and Costcutters. Panda Valley
2660 A photograph of Panda Valley chinese take-away at 114 Rosemount Place. The business has been based in Aberdeen since 1988 and delivers food to Aberdeen, Torry and Bridge of Don. This photograph was taken on 20th January 2018. Bonnymuir Bowling Club
3106 A group portrait showing the management council of Bonnymuir Bowling Club in 1924. The photograph was taken by Alexander Ledingham, who ran a studio at 101a Rosemount Place for many years.
This print is attached to a larger board which identifies all the figures present:
Standing: W. H. Davidson, G. Cooper, C. B. Garrioch, J. S. Taylor, A. Craig, W. Allan, C. D. Davidson, A. Milne, J. Reid, W. Tocher, J. M. McFarlane, J. Rigg, J. M. Ross.
Sittings: J. Gordon, A. G. R. Weir, R. Cameron (Treasurer), J. M. Begg (Vice-President), G. H. Simpson (President), P. Scott, E. Swan (Secretary), H. Reid, A. Matthews.
The green is located to the west of Bonnymuir Place and was previously a garden area. The land was given to the community to serve as a bowling green in the early 1920s. This image was used in Old Rosemount (2015) by Patricia Newman and this book gives a short account of the formation of Bonnymuir Bowling Green Ltd. and its initial fundraising.
The bowling club closed down in 2015. A group of local residents have subsequently formed the Bonnymuir Green Community Trust with the aim to develop and use the site of the former green as an asset, owned by and operated for, the benefit of the community. Nuart 2017: The Green
3773 An artwork by German artists Herakut for the Nuart 2017 Festival that ran from 14th-16th April of that year.
The artwork is on the western, curved façade of the Indoor Market in the Green.
This photograph looks east and was taken on 14th July 2018. A food and drink festival is also shown taking place. Bede House
3842 This rubble-built structure at 20-22 Don Street dates from 1676, and for a short time after 1787 it housed eight Bedesmen - poor, single men, aged over 60. The house is now a private dwelling but a sheltered housing complex named Bede House Court was opened nearby in 1964.
Note the fish-hakes on the wall where salted, gutted haddocks would be spread to dry to provide food later in the year. Aberdeen Market 4: staircase leading from Union Street entrance
4380 A photograph by Roddy Millar looking down the staircase that provided access from the Union Street corridor to the main Market building.
Next to the doorway is an advert for Thomson's Quality Butchers, located in the lower food hall. Through the door, past a large charity collection box, can be seen the premises of the Barber Shop at unit 22.
Photograph taken on 27/02/2019. Aberdeen Market 5: the main stairwell
4381 A photograph by Roddy Millar showing the main stairwell in the Market building. This was located in the western side of the site, towards the Green.
Looking east into the building from in front of the premises of Oor Cafe, an illuminated sign with Market Village branding and the motto "for life's essentials..." is shown above the stairwell. Below this is a sign advertising the Golden Touch Jewellers.
A couple of shoppers climb the steps. Behind them, the lower food hall can be seen, including part of Merchant & Reid, a fishmonger.
Photograph taken on 27/02/2019. Aberdeen Market 6: the main stairwell
4382 Another view by Roddy Millar of the main stairwell in the Market building. Looking south, units occupied by Leisureland Amusements, Viva Oriental Travel and Oor Cafe are shown.
Adverts above the stairwell for Quality Meats and Merchant & Reid point visitors to the lower food hall, which can be partially seen below.
Photograph taken on 27/02/2019. Aberdeen Market 8: Merchant & Reid
4384 A photograph by Roddy Millar of the fishmonger Merchant & Reid in Aberdeen Market. This unit was located in the building's lower food hall towards the Green.
Merchant & Reid is understood to have started business in the Market in 1985 and closed for the final time in March 2019, not long after this photograph was taken.
In addition to an array of fresh and smoked fish, this image also shows the stall selling various sauces and other accompaniments.
On the pillar on the left is a poster showing the seafood species found in Scottish waters. Below that, a board with an anthropomorphised fish lists the following specials: haddock block, haddock singles, smoked block, smoked singles and bread lemon sole.
Behind the pillar is an advert for Avo Concepts, a café that was also located in the Market's lower food hall. It specialised in dishes containing avocado.
Photograph taken on 26/02/2019. 204 Union Street
4401 A photograph, taken on 3rd February 2024, showing the supermarket and general retail building at 204 Union Street, Aberdeen.
This complex opened in 1965 with Massey's supermarket as the first occupant. It was built on the former site of Crimonmogate House and its neighbouring YMCA building, both were demolished around 1963/64. The main supermarket premises have subsequently been occupied by Somerfield and, at 2024, is a branch of the Co-op.
Abutting the Music Hall, other units in the 1960s complex are occupied by Subway, the sandwich shop, branches of Barnardos and the British Heart Foundation, both charity shops, Heavenly Desserts and Oodles, food outlets, obscured in this image by the leftmost bus shelter. 221-227 Union Street
4405 A photograph, taken on 3rd February 2024, showing the building at 221-227 Union Street, Aberdeen. This block is known as Langstane House and also has the address of 6 Dee Street.
The ground and basement floors are occupied by a branch of the Burger King hamburger fast food company.
As indicated by the signage on the blinds, the above floors are occupied by Mental Health Aberdeen (MHA) and Home Start Aberdeen. The former is a charity which aims to break the stigma around mental health, empower individuals with guidance and increase awareness. The latter is a charity which supports families facing different challenges.
Burger King started trading in Aberdeen, with premises at 221 Union Street and 48 Upperkirkgate, in November 1991 (see Evening Express, 2nd October 1991, page 13).
221-227 Union Street was formerly the site of the department store Watt & Grant, who operated from there from 1882 to 1981 (see Aberdeen Journal, 19th September 1882, page 1 and Press & Journal, 20th November 1981, page 7).
A bookshop at 247 Union Street continued the name of Watt & Grant on Aberdeen's granite mile for some time after the closure of the above department store. The Foundry
4409 A photograph of The Foundry pub and restaurant at 41-43 Holburn Street taken on 21st March 2024.
43 Holburn Street, today The Foundry, was built in around 1915/16 as a motor showroom and workshop for Mr. John Harper, engineer of Bournemouth, to a design by architect George B. Mitchell (Aberdeen Daily Journal, 20th September 1915, p. 4).
In November 1916, during the First World War, the Harper Motor Company put their new garage, at the junction of Holburn Street and Justice Mill Lane, at the disposal of the Red Cross. The commodious building, ideal for transport work, became the headquarters of the Aberdeen Transport Section of the Red Cross Society (Evening Express, 21st November 1916, p. 5).
43 Holburn Street was occupied and in use by the Harper Motor Company until at least 1979. In 1986, George Dowdles, who had ran a roller skating rink called Rollerland Disco in Bon-Accord Terrace, proposed to turn the premises into a leisure centre for teenagers (Press & Journal, 19th June 1986, p. 3).
The new venture at 43 Holburn Street was to be a soda and burger café modelled on the TV show Happy Days and called Up The Junction. It opened in October 1986 (P&J, 10th October 1986, p. 3).
Up The Junction appears to have struggled financially and 43 Holburn Street was remodelled and opened as Rollerland Mark II in August 1987 (EE, 22nd February 1988, p. 8). The original Rollerland skating rink had been on the second floor of 5 Bon-Accord Terrace and operated from 26th June 1981 to mid-1986.
Rollerland on Holburn Street was briefly owned by Cove Rangers football club and was temporarily renamed Wheels Leisure Centre. George Dowdles remained its manager (P&J, 1st April 1989, p. 1). The venue was reopened as Rollerland under the ownership of Aberdeen District Council in July 1989. DJs Robin Galloway and Gary Stein provided music for a reopening gala night (EE, 27th July 1989, p. 5).
Rollerland finally closed in February 1991 on safety grounds. Water leaks had warped the floor making it unsafe for skating. The venue had struggled financially and the estimated cost of repair was too large (P&J, 18th September 1991, p. 3). In June 1995, there was a significant fire in the building (EE, 19 June 1995, p. 2).
In September 1995, the company Alloa Pubs and Restaurants, who had leased the building from the District Council, unveiled plans for a £500,000 transformation of the run-down property. It was to be turned into a prestige bar-diner called The Granary, with a lay-out based on the company's Glasgow venue of the same name (EE, 16th September 1995, p. 7).
With a final redevelopment cost of £600,000, The Granary opened to the public on 6th February 1996 (P&J, 7th February 1996, p. 11).
A search of Aberdeen City valuation rolls indicates that by April 2005 The Granary had changed its name to The Foundry. At the time, The Foundry was operated by Mitchell & Butlers, one of the largest restaurant and pub businesses in the UK.
Mitchell & Butlers own the O'Neill's chain of Irish pubs, the first branch of which opened at 9-10 Back Wynd, Aberdeen on 22nd September 1994. This was formerly the premises of the Tappit Hen pub (P&J, 16th September 1994, p. 3).
In 2010, Mitchell & Butlers disposed of 333 of their town and community pubs to the Stonegate Pub Company. This likely included The Foundry ('Our history' page on Mitchell & Butlers website: https://www.mbplc.com/about-us/our-history/: accessed 22/03/2024).
In November 2023, The Foundry reopened to the public following a brief closure for a significant redevelopment. Backed by a £277,000 investment from the Stonegate Group, the UK's largest pub company, the work aimed to shift the venue from a sports-focused pub to a more family-friendly food destination. The exterior design changed from a black and gold colour scheme to the red and gold of Aberdeen Football Club (Aberdeen Business News, 23rd November 2023, https://aberdeenbusinessnews.co.uk/the-foundry-unveils-stylish-transformation-after-major-investment/: accessed 22/03/2024).
Treasure 8: Mrs. Beeton's Book of Household Management
178 During 2015, Scotland celebrates the year of Food and Drink and this theme is continued as part of the Celebrate Aberdeen weekend in August. Keeping the theme in mind we would like to reveal "The Book of Household Management" by Mrs Isabella Mary Beeton, one of the most famous cookery books ever published.
Isabella Mayson was born on 12 March 1836 in London and it was whilst studying in Heidelberg she took to pastry making which she continued to practice at a local confectioners upon her return to England. In 1856, she married Samuel Beeton, a well-known editor and publisher and began to write articles on cooking and household management for the English Woman's Domestic Magazine.
In 1861, Beeton's Book of Household Management' was published. It was an immediate success, selling over 60,000 copies in its first year of publication and nearly two million by 1868.
Isabella died young at the age of 28 on 6 February 1865 of an infection following the birth of her fourth child but Samuel Beeton went on to publish a 2nd edition in 1869. In 1888 there was a major revision, with 27 new sections which included menus, table decorations, directions for using tinned meats and a section on American, Colonial and Continental cookery.
Aberdeen City Libraries hold a copy of this entirely new edition and it is numbered "five hundred and fifty-eighth thousand". It is 1644 pages in length with 13 beautiful colour plates and 68 full page illustrations. It includes a section on menus for all seasons with menus in both English and French. It is an absolute treasure and a tribute to Mrs Beeton that a version is still reproduced today. Treasure 12: How to Stamp Out Typhoid booklet
182 This booklet is a reminder of a troubled period in city's past. In 1964 Aberdeen suffered one of the largest outbreaks of Typhoid in recent British history. Over 500 people were admitted to city hospitals for treatment of the infectious disease. The majority of patients were quarantined for at least four weeks before being discharged. The outbreak was traced back to a contaminated tin of corned beef which was imported from Argentina, then chopped up and sold in the William Low grocer on Union Street.
Thankfully the outbreak was successfully contained and there were no fatalities. The all clear was given on 17th June 1964, 28 days after the first notification. Public health announcements played a significant part in the city's approach to tackling the outbreak. Dr Ian A. G. MacQueen, Aberdeen's Medical Officer of Health, became a well-known figure with regular appearances in print and on television and radio on the importance of good hygiene.
The How to Stamp out Typhoid booklet was the initiative of Aberdeen businessman R. A. Williamson. He was director of a wholesale firm that supplied small grocers in the north east and received many enquiries from his clients on how best to combat the outbreak. Williamson asked Macqueen who was unable to provide guidelines so, in collaboration with the health and welfare department, they created this 11 page health information booklet. It had a print run of 45,000 copies, was supported by Aberdeen Chamber of Commerce and illustrated by the Evening Express. The illustrations feature the paper's character Wee Alickie, a die-hard supporter of Aberdeen Football Club.
In the introduction MacQueen wrote:
"The Stopping of the typhoid outbreak is principally a matter of good personal hygiene by everyone, and particularly of good personal hygiene by all food handlers.
"In an effort to assist every section of the community in our area a short question and answer brochure has been hurriedly compiled, together with a Hygiene Check List, which should prove most useful to all establishments.
"Members of the Aberdeen Chamber of Commerce, food wholesalers, bacteriologists, health education officers and journalists have collaborated to rush this through. This brochure is therefore backed by their combined knowledge and experience. Please read it, study it and try to follow the advice that it gives."
The outbreak adversely affected Aberdeen's reputation in the UK and around the world. This in turn had an economic impact for the city, particularly on tourism. After the all clear was given the Queen came to the city to demonstrate that Aberdeen was a safe place to visit and that life had returned to normal.
Treasure 45: British Association for the Advancement of Science - 1934 Visit Souvenir
214 The British Science Association holds its annual British Science Week in March when a variety of events including talks and activity days for adults, schools, and families are held country-wide to celebrate science and technology.
The British Science Association has evolved from the organisation which was founded in 1831 as the British Association for the Advancement of Science with the aim of promoting interest and research in the sciences, believed to be in decline at the time.
Their annual meetings, held in different cities across the UK during a week in early September, allowed professional scientists to discuss their current research not only with members of other scientific disciplines but also with the general public.
In this Year of Innovation, Architecture and Design, it may be interesting to look back at these annual meetings of the Association when Aberdeen welcomed 2000 - 3000 scientists and members in 1859, 1885, 1934 and 1963.
The 1934 visit was even more special because it coincided with the Jubilee of the city's adoption of the Public Library Acts in 1884. A special luncheon was held on Friday 7 September in the Aberdeen Central Library Reference Department when the City Librarian, G.M. Fraser, and the Library Committee entertained 112 invited guests, including the President Sir James H. Jeans, the President-elect Professor W. W. Watts, and about 70 of the more distinguished members of the Association, with representatives of educational, official, professional, commercial and industrial interests of the city. This was believed to be the first time that such an event had been held in a public library and it was regarded as hugely successful.
This attractive menu card in the form of the binding of a book was created by local printing firm Taylor and Henderson at a cost of £9. 5s. 6d. for 120 copies. Catering, including the food, decorations and staff, was provided by the Royal Athenaeum Restaurant at a cost of 5 shillings per head - a total cost of £50 11s. 3d
Having been greeted in the Library Committee Room by Lord Provost of Aberdeen Henry Alexander, the guests were guided by members of staff through the Lending Department to the main staircase which was laid with crimson cloth and decorated with plants and shrubs.
The Library staff were also able to enjoy the day by being treated to lunch at the nearby Caledonian Hotel on Union Terrace, although they were expected to return in time to help escort their honoured guests from the Library.
Guests included Sir Arthur Hill of Royal Botanic Gardens, Miss Olga Nethersole, founder of The People's League of Health, Dr Marie Stopes, paleobotanist, but perhaps better remembered for her work on women's rights and birth control, Sir Josiah Stamp of London Midland and Scottish Railway, and Sir Arthur Eddington, astronomer.
Jubilee of the Aberdeen Tramways, 1874 - 1924
379 The front cover of a menu card from the dinner held at the Music Hall to celebrate the 50 year anniversary of the tramways in Aberdeen. The event took place on 2nd September 1924 and the actual jubilee was 31st August of the same year.
The inside of the card details the food served, which included kidney or tomato soup, baked haddock, roast beef, steak and kidney pie, and a selection of desserts. The food was supplied by The Douglas Hotel on Market Street.
The card also lists toasts to the King and the Corporation of Aberdeen Tramways Committee. The latter was proposed by Mr. James Barnett and acknowledged by the committee's chairman.
Additionally, a number of songs were sung by Mr. Anderson and Miss Mary Topp and the card details an extensive programme of dances. The master of ceremonies was Mr. James F. Donald (1870-1934). He was major figure in Aberdeen cinemas and theatres and served as a local government councillor.
The menu originally belonged to George Niven, who worked for the Corporation of Aberdeen Tramways, and was kindly donated to Aberdeen Local Studies by his daughter in May 2018. Strangers and vagrants
476 A broadside from 17th November 1746 forbidding the inhabitants of the Burgh to lodge any strangers without notifying their presence and identity to the magistrates, so that "their Condition, Quality and Business may be known."
This measure was taken in response to several crimes committed by unknown persons and there was a fine of twenty pound Scots per transgression for those who did not respect the ordinance.
It is interesting to note that the order did not apply to the Country People who came to Town to provide food for inhabitants or soldiers. This would have been a regular occurrence. Observations on the making, curing, and casking, of butter (1 of 2)
515 This is the front page of a three-page broadside style pamphlet. The inner two pages can be seen here.
This oversized pamphlet provides instructions as to how to make butter. It was authored by the Agricultural Association, following precedent set in Ireland and the experience of curers in Aberdeen.
The pamphlet is a remarkable piece of food and hygiene history. The first step of the broadside, for instance, warns against cross-contamination and having foreign items in the dairy factory. Twelve steps follow, dictating best practices for making and storing butter. Observations on the making, curing, and casking, of butter (2 of 2)
516 There are the inner two pages of a three-page broadside style pamphlet. The front page can be seen here.
This oversized pamphlet provides instructions as to how to make butter. It was authored by the Agricultural Association, following precedent set in Ireland and the experience of curers in Aberdeen.
The pamphlet is a remarkable piece of food and hygiene history. The first step of the broadside, for instance, warns against cross-contamination and having foreign items in the dairy factory. Twelve steps follow, dictating best practices for making and storing butter.
The pamphlet was printed by D. Chalmers & Co. of Aberdeen. |