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Bridge of Dee
65 The Old Bridge of Dee dating from the early 16th century was begun by Bishop William Elphinstone c.1493. Further building started in 1518 and was carried out by Alexander Galloway and Thomas Franche. In 1840, the bridge was widened by John Smith, the City Architect. Drawing by Curtis Green. Lithograph by Gibb & Hay. Bridge of Dee
69 The Bridge of Dee from the south. The Old Bridge of Dee dating from the early 16th century was begun by Bishop William Elphinstone c.1493. Further building started in 1518 was carried out by Alexander Galloway and Thomas Franche. In 1840, the bridge was widened by John Smith, the City Architect. Interior of King's College Chapel
139 Interior of King's College Chapel, University of Aberdeen, Old Aberdeen, c.1900. King's College was founded by Bishop William Elphinstone under a Papal Bull issued by Pope Alexander VI on 10th February 1495. Marischal College was founded as an independent university in 1593 and the two became the University of Aberdeen in the Fusion of 1860. Work began on the College in 1500 and it took 6 years to complete the Chapel. This photograph shows the interior looking west, showing Bishop Stewart's pulpit on the right, through the nave and choir to the choir stalls and rood screen, with the antechapel behind it. Non-residents entered through the west door and occupied the antechapel, while students entered from the College Library via a special staircase within the rood screen. The central gallery of the screen is still used to house the organ. The 52 choir stalls, commissioned by Elphinstone, are "a unique survival as well as the finest of their king in Scotland". The finely panelled Renaissance pulpit of William Stewart (Bishop 1532-1545) bears his coat of arms and was originally in use in St. Machar's Cathedral. The timber ceiling was constructed soon after 1506 and was probably designed by John Fendour. It consists of a diagonal arrangement of ribs and widely spreading foliage sprigs radiating from centre bosses. The choir stalls and ceiling both show a strong Flemish influence. The Chapel is still in use today for University services and is a popular marriage venue for graduates. Fidler's Well, Guild Street
422 A horse drinking from Fidler's Well on Guild Street. The well, dedicated to Dr William Guild, was erected in 1857 by Alexander Fidler, coal broker. Originally intended for horses, it later had 2 iron cups attached to it. Fidler died in 1885 but his well remained in Guild Street until 1957 when it was moved to Duthie Park. It was relocated again in 2002 to the corner of Holburn Street and Great Western Road. Marischal Street
732 This photograph shows Marischal Street at its junction with Regent Quay, looking north towards Castle Street.
It was built to improve the connection between the harbour and the main part of the city, which had previously only been accessible via the steep incline of Shore Brae and the Shiprow.
In 1766, the Town Council were successful in purchasing the unoccupied Lodging of the Earl Marischal of Scotland which stood on the south side of the Castlegate. It was then demolished to open up the way for the new street, named in the Earl's honour.
It was the first street in Aberdeen to be paved with dressed granite setts. Houses were built and were occupied by prosperous professional men such as Dr William Dyce; Andrew Roberston, William Young and Alexander Fraser; both to become Provosts of Aberdeen. These properties were mostly converted to commercial use in later years.
The buildings on the right were replaced by the long and narrow, neo-classical building, designed by Robert Gordon Wilson and built in 1901-02, that can still be seen today at 33 Regent Quay. Lower Deeside Champion Ploughing Match
1047 This image shows the Committee of the Lower Deeside Champion Ploughing Match held at West Cults Farm on the 11th February 1922. In the centre of the front row, wearing a flat cap was the Secretary William E. Gibson. Behind him was Alexander Thomson, blacksmith in Cults, and to his right, was James Burnett on whose farm the match was held. The other gentlemen came from other farms in the surrounding area. The 'Aberdeen Daily Journal' reported that the weather was excellent and all arrangements were in perfect order. There were 64 competitors who had come from as far as Kinross in the south and Morayshire in the north, each with their pairs of well matched, faultlessly groomed and harnessed Clydesdales. The match was watched by around 2000 spectators. The winner was James Mowat, Newstyle, Foveran who received a silver cup and cash prize. Sir Alexander Anderson of Blelack
2044 A portrait of Provost Sir Alexander Anderson (10th June 1802 - 11th April 1887). He served as Provost of Aberdeen from 1859-1866. He was the only son of Alexander Anderson, minister of Strichen, and Helen Findlay. Anderson graduated from Marischal College in 1819 and was admitted to the Society of Advocates in 1827. Later he formed a partnership with William Adam, creating the firm Adam and Anderson which existed until 1867. He entered the Town Council in November 1859. On the 13th October 1863 the Prince Consort's statue at the corner of Union Terrace, later moved to Rosemount Viaduct, was unveiled by Her Majesty and on this occasion Anderson received his knighthood in recognition of his public service. This portrait was painted by Sir George Reid. He and his wife are buried in the graveyard of St Nicholas Church. Alexander Brown
2047 A portrait of Provost Alexander Brown (May 1766 - 16th November 1848). He served as Provost of Aberdeen between 1822-1823 and 1826-1827. Brown was the third son of the Rev. William Brown, the first Session minister of Craigdam. He was apprenticed to bookseller Mr Knight and three years later commenced his own business on Upperkirkgate named Alexander Brown & Son. On 15th September 1787 he was admitted a burgess of Guild and he married Catherine Chalmers on 17th February 1795. Baillie Rust
2063 A photographic portrait of Baillie John Rust (1853-1919). He was the son of John Rust and Margaret Henderson. His father founded the well-known timber merchants John Rust & Son in 1845.
John Rust junior was an architect and local politician. He served his architectural apprenticeship with John Russell McKenzie before going into business for himself with offices on Union Street, latterly number 224.
Rust was highly active in local life. He was elected to the Council in 1886 representing the Rubislaw Ward. He was re-elected in 1889 and promoted to the position of Third Ballie in 1890.
On the death of the incumbent, William Smith, Rust was a successful applicant for the post of city architect. On his appointment in March 1892 he retired his place on the Council. He served as city architect until his death in 1919.
Along with Sir Alexander Lyon and John Morgan, the builder, Rust was considered a moving spirit in the local government regime known as the "Young Party".
His Aberdeen Journal obituary highlights his involvement in the Beach Bathing Station scheme and the Union Terrace improvements. Also that he was a justice of the peace for Aberdeen City and Kincardineshire.
Moreover he was a significant property owner and was involved in local political, civic, military and church groups.
He died suddenly while on his way to work from his residence of Hawkshill, Milltimber. He was buried in Nellfield Cemetery. His Aberdeen Journal obituary can be found in the issue for 12th September 1919, page 6.
An entry for John Rust can be found in the Dictionary of Scottish Architects here Executive of Trades Council, 1939
2404 A collection of portraits of the Executive of Trades Council taken from William Diack's History of the Trades Council and the Trade Union Movement in Aberdeen (1939).
Top Row - James Hunter, Bakers ; Burnett Gordon, Shop Assistants ; David Roger, Unemployed Association ; Andrew Gray, Unemployed Association.
Second Row - Alexander Brown, N.U.G.M.W ; Robert A. R. Fraser, Shop Assistants ; David G. Campbell, Printing, Book-binding and Paperworkers (Vice-President) ; Gilbert W. Duthie, N.U.R.
Third Row - Veda Maitland, Shop Assistants (Assistant Secretary) ; James J. Stewart, N.U.D.A.W. (President) ; William McLean Brown, N.U.D.A.W (Secretary).
Fourth Row - George Munro, Plasterers ; William Walker, A.E.U. ; Margaret McGregor, Printing, Book-Binding and Paperworkers ; Neil Howie, Scottish Painters ; James Milne, A.S.W.
Fifth Row - Alexander T. Lumsden, Vehicle Builders ; William George Ingram, A.S.L.E. & F. ; William K. Park, E.T.U. ; George Miller, Boilermakers. Dr Linton
2628 A portrait of Dr Alexander Linton taken from East Neuk Chronicles by William Skene (1905). Linton was a surgeon in the Royal Navy and was heavily involved in the Aberdeen Phrenological Society, the temperance movement and the industrial and reformatory schools. Post Office directories tell us that in 1850 he was living at 11 Canal Street. He was born in Baluss, near Mintlaw, and died in 1872 at the age of 82. Fidler's Well
2737 A photograph showing a horse drinking from Fidler's Well in Guild Street. The image is taken from the Evening Express of 13th September 1929. It was accompanied by an article detailing the visit to Aberdeen of the grandson of the well's benefactor, Alexander Fidler. The grandson, who lived in Chicago, had visited the public library and learnt much about his ancestor and the well from G. M. Fraser and then visited the Evening Express office.
The article contains information on Dr William Guild, to whom the well is dedicated, Alexander Fidler and his brother John, who ran a well known pie-shop on Shiprow.
The wording on the well's granite basin reads "Dedicated to Dr William Guild. Died 1657. Lammas, A. F."
The inscription on the cast iron fountain is as follows:
"Fountainhall, 1st August 1857.
Water springs for man and beast,
At your service I am here;
Although six thousand years of age,
I am caller, clean, and clear.
Erected for the inhabitants of The World
by
Alexander Fidler."
In this image the well is shown at its 2nd location, outside the Goods Station and opposite what was the Balmoral Temperance Hotel & Restaurant. Regent House
2749 A photograph of Regent House, 36 Regent Quay, taken in July 2018.
This 4-storey building was designed by Alexander Marshall Mackenzie and built in 1898-99, It was originally offices for William Williams & Sons, distillers. CITIZENS OF POLAND WHO WERE FROM ABERDEEN
2877 There are many others who have traveled from Aberdeen to Poland and made successful careers. Some of these people being:
John Burnet (b. 1603)
John Burnet was from Aberdeen. Burnet was made citizen of Krakow in 1617. He had traded 10 Polish florins, a gun, and half a stone of gunpowder in return for citizenship.
Sir George Skene of Rubislaw (1619-1707)
Sir George was a former Danzig merchant who later became the Provost of Aberdeen 1676-1685. George Skene had arrived in Poland with his step-brother and apprenticed him to George Edie in Danzig.
William Forbes (1566-1627)
William Forbes was the founder of Craigevar Family and former merchant. With the riches he had acquired in Poland he bought many estates in Aberdeenshire. He was also known as "Danzig Willie" and "Willie the Merchant".
John Turner
Turner, also a former merchant in Poland, was a benefactor of the Marischal College. In 1688, he left 4 bursaries to Marischal College and his coat of arms can be seen in the historical window in Mitchell Hall.
John Craig (b. 1587)
John Craig was a trader in Krakow. He paid 10 Hungarian Florins to become a citizen of Poland.
George Crukshank (b. 1686)
Crukshank was a merchant in Krakow who paid 100 florins plus an additional 14 florins instead of the usually required gun and gunpowder.
The image on the left is a reproduction of a portrait of George Skene by George Jamieson. It is from Alexander Munro's Memorials of the Aldermen, Provosts, and Lord Provosts of Aberdeen, 1272-1895 (1897). Aberdeen Cinemas: Coliseum / New Kinema / Belmont
3433 An Aberdeen Journals Archive image of the Belmont Cinema in 1952.
The building that now houses the Belmont Filmhouse was originally built in 1896 as a Trades Hall to a design by architects Alexander Ellis and Robert Gordon Wilson.
The grey granite ashlar entrance at 49-51 Belmont Street leads to the main building, best seen from Union Terrace and Rosemount Viaduct. With multiple floors, the building makes full use of the different levels of the Denburn valley. Historic Environmental Scotland's statement of special interest for the building notes its tall and narrow design and bartizan towers at its far end, describing it as "a distinctive piece of architecture."
Michael Thomson explains that the Trades Hall provided much needed accommodation for meetings, social events and lectures. The main hall originally featured ceiling paintings by Robert Douglas Strachan (1875-1950), who went on to become an acclaimed stained-glass artist.
The construction of the hall was an ambitious and costly undertaking for Aberdeen's labour movement. This led to the hall being increasingly rented out for commercial performances, including cinematographic showings.
William Walker, a local cinematographic pioneer who was also a successful bookseller, leased out the building's main hall as a picture house. The Coliseum was opened on 22 August 1910 by Messrs Walker and Company and so began the building's long life as a cinema.
In July 1911 Glasgow's J. J. Bennell took over control of the Coliseum. Popular features of the venue during Walker and Bennell's time included short "topicals" that documented local life and live variety acts. Thomson explains that Bennell was also a pioneer of Saturday morning matinees for children.
In August 1913 Dove Paterson, another local pioneer who had opened Aberdeen's first permanent cinema on Shiprow, took over at the Coliseum. Paterson died unexpectedly in May 1916 and this brought a temporary halt to the Coliseum cinema. It briefly reopened in December of that year under the management of the Trades Hall, but this only lasted a couple of months before the cinema closed again.
The cinema was then managed by veteran singer D. Brown McGill, who made use of his established contacts in variety circles. His tenure saw the venue complementing its programme of film showings with a range of other entertainments including roller skating, boxing and dancing.
On 11th April 1921 the cinema reopened as the New Kinema, under the management of Henry Philips, who had previously run the Picturedrome on Skene Terrace. One interesting performer at the venue in 1929 noted by Michael Thomson was an illusionist called Carletta who conjured up rabbits to give away to patrons as pets.
In 1935 the then proprietors of the New Kinema, James Brebner and George Walker, were involved in the formation of the Caledonian Theatre public company. It was formed to purchase the site of the La Scala cinema and nearby buildings on Union Street with the intention of building a new super-cinema. In time this would become the Majestic.
June 1935 saw the renovation of the New Kinema and renewal of its heating plant, lighting and sound equipment. It reopened as The Belmont on the 24th of that month.
[Information primarily sourced from Silver Screen in the Silver City (1988) by Michael Thomson]
Image © Aberdeen Journals Ltd. Aberdeen Harbour
3528 A photograph looking south east towards the Upper Dock across the junction of Guild Street, Trinity Quay and Market Street.
Multiple trawlers are moored in the dock. Onlookers can be seen alongside the docked boats. An unidentified steam vessel larger than the rest can be seen in the far left in the background.
The first ship on the left of the row is the steel fishing trawler Curlew (A906). This ship was built in the Panmure Yard belonging to Dundee Shipbuilders Co. Ltd., in 1897. In 1903 this ship was registered A906 in Aberdeen. The Curlew was wrecked in 1922 in Aberdeen Harbour.
Seen behind the Curlew is most probably the steel fishing trawler Strathairlie (A39) built by Hall, Russell & Co Ltd, Aberdeen in 1905 for Aberdeen Steam Trawling & Fishing Co Ltd. This vessel later served as a minesweeper from 1915-1919 for the Admiralty Service.
The second boat in the row is the wooden fishing trawler Alnwick Castle (KY120) built by William Jarvis in Anstruther in 1895 for The Forth Steam Fishing Co. Ltd. The ship was initially named Copley but was later renamed to Alnwick Castle in 1899. The ship was later broken up in 1922.
The third boat in the row is the wooden fishing trawler Merganser (A740) which was built by James N. Miller & Sons Ltd., in the St. Monance shipyard in 1894. It was registered as A740 in Aberdeen by Henry Alexander circa 1901 and later broken up in 1923.
The final boat in the row on the far right visible in the image is the iron fishing trawler Evening Star (A406) built by J. T. Eltringham & Co in the South Shields shipyard in 1891. Initially named Ella, it was renamed to Golden Monarch by W. H. Dodds in Aberdeen during 1915. It was renamed to Evening Star by W. Hutchinson in Aberdeen during 1920. The boat sank in 1927 in the Firth of Forth.
Based on the above boats, this photograph may date from the very early 1920s. Pitmedden Garden
4207 A photograph showing three boys admiring the fountain at Pitmedden Garden.
Pitmedden Garden is a Natural Trust for Scotland property. Their website describes it as a "re-created Scottish Renaissance walled garden with vibrant floral designs and Museum of Farming Life."
Concerning its history, the website states "the Great Garden dates back to 1675 when it was originally laid out by Sir Alexander Seton." [...] "In the 1950s Pitmedden was gifted to the Trust who re-created the garden based on 17th-century plans after it was ploughed up to grow vegetables during the Second World War and used as a kitchen garden for over 100 years."
This fountain is detailed in an entry on Historic Environment Scotland's CANMORE website (CANMORE ID: 338622). Quoting a guide pamphlet by Dr James Richardson, designer of the garden restoration, it states "In the re-creation of the Great Garden of Pitmedden, the National Trust for Scotland not only has established once again the site of the original fountain but it has erected a further fountain as a focal point in the centre of the Great garden. The sculptured stones that compose this second fountain have an interesting history as seven of them formed, at one time, part of the Cross Fountain of Linlithgow designed and executed by Robert Milne, King's Master Mason, to commemorate King Charles II's Restoration. These detached fragments were given by the Ministry of Works. Three fragments of the original Pitmedden construction have also been worked into the composition of the fountain."
Looking west, a stairway up to Pitmedden's terrace garden and Pitmedden House can be seen in the background.
This image likely dates from the 1970s. It comes from a collection of slides donated to Aberdeen City Libraries by Aberdeen City Council's publicity department. Bridge of Dee
18 The Old Bridge of Dee dating from the early 14th century was begun by Bishop William Elphinstone c.1493. Further building started in 1518 and was carried out by Alexander Galloway and Thomas Franche. In 1840, the bridge was widened by John Smith, the City Architect. Drawing by Curtis Green. Lithograph by Gibb & Hay. The Execution of William Allan
172 This broadside details the life, crime and execution of William Allan. He was executed in Aberdeen on Friday the 10th February, of an unspecified year, for the murder of Alexander M'Kay.
The sheet gives an account of Allan's life and speculates on how he came to this unhappy fate. The account contains themes common to crime and punishment broadsides of bad company, alcohol and a disregard of parental authority. There is also at times an unexpected similarity to modern crime reporting: "We do not think that the annals of crime furnish an example of a murder perpetrated from so small a temptation as that which operated on the mind of Allan, who was aware, before he committed the deed, that the victim of it possessed only the paltry sum of thirty-five shillings."
One passage which describes Allan's appeal to the advanced age of his victim recalls the justifications of Dostoyevsky's Raskolnikov: "He even arraigned the justice of his sentence on the ground that he had only taken away a life which would, in a short time, have terminated from the effects of indisposition and old age."
Allan is initially unrepentant and rude to the assembled clergy but then makes a last minute appeal for religious assistance on the morning of his execution.
Unfortunately, unlike Raskolnikov and Sonya in Siberia, there was no hope of redemption for Allan - at least not in this life: "After hanging the usual time, the body was cut down, and delivered to the doctors." Newton of Drum, Drumoak - Genealogy
320 Aberdeen Local Studies user Sebastiaan Hess has researched the families that lived at the Newton of Drum farm near Drumoak. The three charts show the Lyons, Lows and Reids with the tenants of the farm in the bold black boxes:
David Lyon (1753 - 1815)
William Lyon (1789 - 1872)
William Lyon (1822 - 1889)
Alexander Low (1838 - 1912)
David Williamson Low (1880 - 1962)
John Reid (1861 - 1938)
John W. Reid (1896 - 1980)
Edward G. Reid (1903 - 1979) Carnousie New House
349 A plan and elevation of Carnousie New House. Designed by Archibald Simpson for a wealthy sea merchant called Captain Alexander Grant. Building began around the 1830s or early 1840s. It was located near Forglen.
Captain Grant lost his fortune and was forced to sell the property before its completion. The house was neglected and eventually largely demolished around 1930. Legend has it that the stones were used in the construction of Elphinstone Hall.
(Information taken from Archibald Simpson, Architect: His Life and Times 1790-1847 by David Miller. See this work for further description of the building.) To the working classes of Aberdeen
495 This broadside addresses the working class of Aberdeen and attacks the Parliamentary record of Alexander Bannerman (1788-1864). It refers to Whig MP for Lanarkshire John Maxwell's (1791-1865) bill on handloom weavers (textile workers) and appears to date from the run-up to the 1837 general election.
The above-mentioned bill was intended on relieving the distress of such workers, and was supported by the Tory MP for Aberdeenshire, William Gordon (1784-1858), amongst others.
The broadside criticises Bannerman, Whig MP for Aberdeen since 1832, for the absence of his support for the bill. The broadside implores the working class not to take up invitations of the masses to join a procession for Bannerman.
Bannerman was a colonial governor as well as an MP. The wider Bannerman family were mill owners. These mills were comparatively well equipped and had higher standards than most others in the 1830s. (Aberdeen 1800-2000: A New History, ed. by W. Fraser and Clive Lee (2000), pp. 155-156.)
The broadside also claims that Bannerman showed disregard for sailors who were stuck in ice the previous winter. It argues that he put saving money above sending government help to those in danger.
The squib refers to Mr. Ross standing as an opposing candidate for the Aberdeen City constituency, comparing him favourably to Bannerman. This would be Horatio Ross of Rossie (1801-1886), a noted sportsman and later photographer. Ross initially stood against Bannerman in the 1837 election before withdrawing before the vote. Bannerman won the election unopposed.
Ross, also formerly a captain in the army, had previously been elected as MP for the pre-reform Aberdeen Burghs constituency in 1831. Additionally, he served as the MP for the Montrose Burghs between 1832 and 1835.
The broadside was printed by J. Davidson & Co. of Aberdeen. Grand reform meeting held at Aberdeen, 18th May 1832
530 A colourised lithographed sketch of the Grand Reform Meeting that took place on Broad Hill, Aberdeen on Friday 18th May 1832.
Popular and parliamentary support for electoral reform had been growing across the United Kingdom in this period. At the time, only a small number of wealthy landowners had the right to vote, the franchise was geographically inconsistent, and the representation by members of parliament was out-dated.
This Aberdeen meeting, like many that took place around the country at the time, was organised following the House of Lords blocking the Third Reform Bill of Prime Minister Charles Grey (1764-1845), 2nd Earl Grey, and the subsequent resignation of Grey and his Whig ministers.
Newspaper accounts of the meeting indicate that attendees had just learnt that the Duke of Wellington (1769-1852), a Tory opponent to reform, had been unable to form a government following the resignation of the Whigs and an invitation from King William IV, and that the monarch had recalled Earl Grey.
Organised by prominent local supporters of electoral reform, the Reform Committee, the meeting agreed seven resolutions for presentation to parliament including the following: consternation at the bill not being passed, support of Earl Grey and colleagues, agreement to withholding national supplies (funding) from the government until the bill is passed, and that Joseph Hume (1777-1855), then MP for Middlesex, present the petition instead of the member for the Aberdeen boroughs, Horatio Ross (1801-1886), who was accused of backsliding on reform.
The report in the following day's Aberdeen Chronicle newspaper suggest the meeting was attended by 30,000 to 40,000 people. The Tory-leaning Aberdeen Journal, in its issue of Wednesday 23rd May 1832, page 2, gives an estimate of 15,000 to 20,000.
Contingents of various trades began to muster at Union Street West at about 1.30pm. A large procession proceeded east along the street and were joined by the Reform Committee from the Royal Hotel, 63 Union Street, located just after the junction with Market Street.
The full procession, with the Committee at its head and joined by deputations from the country, travelled to the Links via Castle Street, King Street, Frederick Street and Constitution Street. Several bands accompanied the procession and there were a large number of banners with reform slogans.
On the motion of Reverend William Jack (1768-1854), principal of King's College, Sir Michael Bruce of Stenhouse and Scotstown (1798-1862) was called to chair the meeting. John Angus (1799-1878), an advocate and later Town Clerk of Aberdeen, was the secretary.
Speakers included General Andrew Leith Hay of Rannes (1785-1862), Alexander Bannerman (1788-1864), Sir John Forbes of Craigievar (1785-1846), Alexander Blackie, banker, Thomas Burnett, younger of Leys (1778-1849), John M. Gerrard of Midstrath, Alexander Kilgore, surgeon, James Forbes of Echt, Alexander Stronach of Drumallan, James Nicol, advocate, William Allardyce, wine merchant, Harry Leith Lumsden of Auchindour, William Moir of Park and Alexander Forbes of Ainslie.
Both the account in the Aberdeen Chronicle and the speeches on the day remark on the disruptive potential of the crowd, under circumstances of reform not being progressed. Though the speakers urged those in attendance to continue in a peaceful manner.
Some speakers compared the fight for electoral reform to that for religious freedom in Scotland. There is explicit and repeated support given for William VI, but the Duke of Wellington is considered an inappropriate progressor of reform. The return of Earl Grey is promoted.
Faced with the prospect of William VI ennobling new Whig members of the House of Lords, Tory opponents of the Third Reform Bill abstained from votes and it passed through the upper house. The Representation of the People Act 1832 was given royal assent on 7th June 1832, and its Scottish equivalent around the same time, and came into law.
The Act was a substantial reform of Britain's antiquated electoral system, redistributing seats and changing the conditions of the franchise, but still left most people without the vote. Subsequent popular and parliamentary politics would led to further legislation and the fuller suffrage of modern times.
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