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Aberdeen from Torry
2671 A George Washington Wilson photograph of Aberdeen taken from across the River Dee in Torry.
Fishing boats are seen on the south side of the river. The spires of many Aberdeen landmarks are visible in the distance. The building on the far right of the image is the Castlehill Barracks. New Market
2706 An Adelphi Series postcard (no. 49) showing the interior of Aberdeen's indoor market. It is referred to as a the New Market as it was rebuilt in 1883 following a serious fire in the original Archibald Simpson building.
A large "Good Wishes" sign can be seen hanging from the ceiling. In addition to stalls selling flowers and fresh produce, the book and art print stands that made the market a much loved venue for collectors are also in evidence.
The premises of the American Restaurant can be seen at the far end of the hall. It served "good dinners" for 6d and promised "prompt attention" in newspaper adverts from 1895. It's frontage indicates it was a company with offices in London and Newcastle.
There is a sign for the Ellon Stall towards the back. Correspondent A. G. Duthie informs us that this outlet, which existed for much of the 20th century, specialised in country produce like eggs, cheese and butter. The company that ran the stall was George Milne & Son (Ellon Stall) Ltd, grocery and provision merchants, and they can be found recorded in the old Post Office Directories. Aberdeen Theatres: The Music Hall and Union Street
3372 The Music Hall opened in 1822 as Aberdeen's Assembly Rooms and was designed by Archibald Simpson; the building was originally intended as a place for the elite to socialise.
In 1858, the Aberdeen Music Hall Company bought the building and a large concert hall was added, reopening as the Aberdeen Music Hall in September 1859. The building was refurbished in the mid 1980's, spending more than £2.5 million, and reopening in 1986.
The Music Hall has been run by Aberdeen Performing Arts since 2004 and celebrated its 150th anniversary in 2009.
The latest renovations took place between 2016 and 2018 and the Music hall has been a vibrant part of Aberdeen since then, welcoming artists and entertainers. Albyn Place
3816 A postcard image looking east along Albyn Place in Aberdeen. The photograph likely dates from the early 20th century.
The intersection of Albyn Grove can be seen in the middle of the image. Queen's Terrace and Rubislaw Terrace Gardens can be seen on the left. Pedestrians, the no. 14 tram and street lamps are also visible.
Albyn Place, as both a street and a street name, was created about 1830, when Archibald Simpson, the famous Aberdeen architect was engaged in building his residence there.
The name itself was, it has been suggested, borrowed from the fashionable Edinburgh street of the same name. Broad Street, Fraserburgh
4247 A Hartmann published postcard with an image showing Broad Street in Fraserburgh.
This photograph looks north up Broad Street near its junction with Love Lane. The colonnaded building, completed in around 1835, at the junction with Firthside Street, was designed by Archibald Simpson and was formerly a bank.
The Registrar's Office on Saltoun Square can be seen in the distance. Scotstown House
4374 A postcard image looking north east towards the portico of Scotstown House. This substantial mansion stood in what is now East Woodcroft in Bridge of Don.
The house is described by David G. Miller in his book Archibald Simpson, Architect: His Life and Times 1790-1847 (2006) on pages 101-102. Miller states that the mansion was designed and erected by Archibald Simpson for the Moirs of Scotstown and Spital, the local landowners, in around the 1820s.
Simpson is also credited with its design in his obituary in The Builder magazine (8th May 1847, vol. 5, no. 222).
Miller states that the mansion was "abandoned by the Moirs and lay derelict for many years before finally being demolished in the 1930s." (Page 102).
Newspaper mentions indicate the property was in disrepair and due for demolition in the 1930s (see Press & Journal, 6th October 1933, page 3), but sources, including Aberdeen City Council's Historic Environment Record, indicate that at least part of the building stood as a ruin until full demolition in the 1980s. Rubble was subsequently removed from the location in 1999. Some garden walls remain in situ.
As indicated in the top right, this postcard was published by a person or company abbreviated to "D. F. McK." This postcard likely dates from the early 20th century. Scotstown House
4375 A postcard image looking north towards the southern elevation of Scotstown House. This substantial mansion stood in what is now East Woodcroft in Bridge of Don.
The house is described by David G. Miller in his book Archibald Simpson, Architect: His Life and Times 1790-1847 (2006) on pages 101-102. Miller states that the mansion was designed and erected by Archibald Simpson for the Moirs of Scotstown and Spital, the local landowners, in around the 1820s.
Simpson is also credited with its design in his obituary in The Builder magazine (8th May 1847, vol. 5, no. 222).
Miller states that the mansion was "abandoned by the Moirs and lay derelict for many years before finally being demolished in the 1930s." (Page 102).
Newspaper mentions indicate the property was in disrepair and due for demolition in the 1930s (see Press & Journal, 6th October 1933, page 3), but sources, including Aberdeen City Council's Historic Environment Record, indicate it stood as a ruin until full demolition in the 1980s. Rubble was subsequently removed from the location in 1999. Some garden walls remain in situ.
As indicated in the bottom left, this postcard was published by a person or company abbreviated to "D. F. McK." This postcard likely dates from the early 20th century.
The rear of the postcard features a 1909 date stamp, green half penny Edward VII postage stamp, and was sent by a "J. C. W." to a Miss M. McKenzie of 37 Summerfield Terrace, Aberdeen. Bon Accord Crescent
23 Isometrical view of Bon Accord Crescent - This perspective drawing shows the gently curving terrace of 19 identical two-storey houses, with basement and attic, designed by Archibald Simpson in the 1820s for the Corporation of Tailors. In 1823, the "Aberdeen Journal" carried an advertisement for building areas to feu. The houses were to be laid out on what had previously been garden ground and the advert boasts "No situation, immediately in the vicinity of Aberdeen, possesses so completely the advantages of free air and fine exposure". The properties overlook the hollow once occupied by the Howe Burn and the area has now been converted into landscaped parkland as part of a conservation area. Houses 3-17 have a curved frontage, while numbers 1 and 2, and 18 and 19 have straight frontages. However, even by the 1950s, most of the houses were being, and still are, used as offices.
Mechanic's Institute
24 Aberdeen's first public Lending Library opened in the building of the Mechanic's Institute, Market Street on 12 March 1886.
Designed in 1845 by Archibald Simpson (with William Ramage), the Institute was initially a place of entertainment but subsequently became a public library on the adoption of the Public Libraries Act (1884).
Unfortunately, the building soon proved to be inadequate and in 1889 an Appeal Fund for a new Central Library was launched. This building later became the Bon-Accord Hotel. Marischal College
27 Marischal College, University of Aberdeen, on Broad Street. These buildings were replaced by those designed by Archibald Simpson in the 1840's.
Marischal College, University of Aberdeen
31 Marischal College, University of Aberdeen, on Broad Street. Lithographers Keith and Gibb. This part of Marischal College was designed by Archibald Simpson. Marischal College, University of Aberdeen
32 Marischal College from the North East - prior to the construction of the Mitchell Tower in the 1890's. This part of Marischal College was designed by Archibald Simpson. Orphan Girls' Asylum
72 The Aberdeen Orphan Girls' Asylum was also know as Mrs Elmslie's Institute. It later became Aberdeen High School for Girls and is now Harlaw Academy.
The HS/RCAHMS World War One Audit Project tells us that during WWI the school was part of the 1st Scottish General Hospital. This was one of four Territorial Force military hospitals established during wartime in Scotland. Buildings belonging to three other schools (Central, Rosemount and Westfield) were also used by the hospital, as was the city's Oldmill Poorhouse.
Correspondent Ed Fowler provided the following comments:
"This sketch by architect Archibald Simpson features the beautiful building in the Italian style of Architecture.
The central statue depicted above the entrance was not realised. It was instituted in November 1840 "For Maintaining, Clothing and Educating Orphan Girls", born of Parents who have resided in the Parishes of St Nicholas, Old Machar, or Nigg, for some 3 Years prior to their decease. The girls were admitted from the age of 4 to 8 years.
The building of what was then the Girl's High School (now Harlaw Academy) was incorporated into the 1st Scottish General Hospital, one of 4 Territorial Force military hospitals established in WW1 in Scotland. The buildings of 3 other schools were used by the Hospital (the Central School (later Aberdeen Academy); Rosemount; and Westfield), as well as the City's Poorhouse, along with huts and tents. The hospitals provided beds for 34 officers and 1,385 other ranks." Woolmanhill Hospital
73 Woolmanhill Hospital. Architects drawing of the West Elevation. Designed by Archibald Simpson 1832-1838. Seaton's view of Castle Street
85 This view was drawn by Robert Seaton in 1806. On the left is the Tolbooth and adjoining it is the Mason Lodge and New Inn. The property was sold in 1839 to the proprietors of the North of Scotland Bank and the bank offices were erected on the site in 1840-2. In the late 1990s, the bank closed and became a pub, called Archibald Simpson's, after the original architect. The prominent building on the right side was the Aberdeen Bank, later to become the Bank of Scotland building. The tall man in the centre was John Ewen, jeweller, the man on the right with the drum was Watty Leith, Town Drummer, and on the left is John Milne, the Town Hangman, talking to the fishwives, claiming his free fish as perks of his trade. St. Nicholas Church
108 The original lead-covered steeple of the two churches of St Nicholas was destroyed, along with the East Church (Archibald Simpson, 1837), by fire on 9 October 1874. By 1876, the East Church had been rebuilt along Simpson's lines, and in 1878 the present massive granite tower and steeple were completed. Plan of Athenaeum
110 Plan of Athenaeum by Archibald Simpson. It was designed as a newsroom for the citizens of Aberdeen and was owned by Alexander Brown, bookseller. In 1888 it was sold to James Hay and it was then converted into a hotel and restaurant. In 1973 a massive fire destroyed the interior of the building which has now become offices. St Nicholas Church
115 East and West St Nicholas Churches and churchyard, between the building of the new East Church in 1837 and the destruction by fire of the original lead-covered steeple in 1874. The West Church was built by James Gibbs in 1741. The East Church was restored by Archibald Simpson 1835/7. The Royal Athenauem frontage
143 This "Elevation to Union Street of the buildings proposed to be erected by Mr Brown" dates from January 26th 1822 and was realised by Archibald Simpson.
This early variant of the design of the Athenaeum frontage shows how the architect had initially planned to space the windows. Aberdeen Mechanics' Institute
149 In the early years, the Mechanics' Institute established its premises in various places across the city until 1834 when it was decided to build a permanent building for the institution. The Institute was able to erect its very own building to accommodate all its various activities including classes, the library and public lectures.
By 1845-46, sufficient funds were raised to allow the construction of a dedicated building in Market Street, opposite the New Market which opened a few years before. Its front elevation was designed by the Aberdonian Archibald Simpson and plans were proposed by his pupil, Mr William Ramage. It was the last public building in the city to be designed by the famous architect as he died not long afterwards. Mechanics' Institute - Library
198 Initially a place of entertainment, the Mechanics' Institute subsequently became a public library on the adoption of the Public Libraries Act (1884).
The Library was the most valuable asset of the institution and was viewed as a necessity, providing significant educational opportunities to its members.
Many of the books within the initial library were donated by members and friends of the institution, such as the booksellers Angus & Co., and the well-known architect Archibald Simpson who provided technical books.
The first Catalogue of books in the library of the Aberdeen Mechanics Institute was published in 1825, with some additions were added the following year. Originally, 800 copies of the catalogue were printed. We hold both the first catalogue and its additions in our collections.
In 1837, the library consisted of over 11,000 volumes of works, mainly relating to science and the arts. It was primarily a library of scientific and technical books but, after just a few years, the Committee discussed the possibility of extending its collections to adult fiction.
The library grew steadily over the following years and, owing to the advantage of a new building and a good library, people joined the classes in larger numbers. When the institute was disbanded, the library's contents were donated to the new public library in Rosemount Viaduct - now Aberdeen Central Library.
Treasure 42: Marischal College Ground floor Architectural Plan by Archibald Simpson
211 The highly-respected architect Archibald Simpson (1790 - 1847) designed many of our city's well-known landmarks and, along with architect John Smith (1781-1852), is widely regarded as transforming Aberdeen into the Granite City in the 19th Century.
At Aberdeen City Libraries, we hold a collection of Archibald Simpson's architectural plans. Many of the originals were destroyed by a fire in his house in 1826 but the copies we hold demonstrate his initial thoughts and first sketches of some of Aberdeen's most famous buildings.
An architectural plan is usually a drawing or a sketch used by an architect to develop a design idea. The document also includes a scale and precise measurements.
Marischal College, as it stands today, was designed by Simpson in the 19th Century and this image shows a floor plan he drew when working on the project in the 1820s.
The plan depicts the ground floor which occupied three sides of a courtyard opening towards Broad Street. The building proposed by Archibald Simpson formed a U-shaped quadrangle with symmetrical rooms. The exterior granite façade, the second largest granite faced construction in the world and enclosing the quadrangle, was built by Alexander Marshall Mackenzie between 1893 and 1905 which is why it is not represented on the plan. Originally, the entrance to the courtyard was by Guild's College gateway.
Tiny lines were drawn to represent the walls between each room and the often curving stairways can be clearly seen. The rooms dedicated to classes of divinity, mathematics, moral philosophy or Greek and Latin were constructed like semi-circular amphitheatres. To the top of the plan, we can see classrooms connected by the science department, including the Anatomical Museum and Dissecting Rooms.
The building contained sixteen classrooms in addition to lodgings for porters and sacrists, the museum, the chemical laboratory and rooms for the professors. Other sources from the period suggest that the public hall, the museum and the library were spacious and magnificent rooms.
The small entrance via an archway, called 'Vestibule' on the plan, is represented at the courtyard side of the building. It is surrounded by two octagonal towers. A grand staircase, contained in the tower, rose to a height of nearly 100 feet.
The architect added the measurements for each room. As suggested by the scale, the unit of measurement is the foot. More information is given by the city librarian G. M Fraser in his 1918 study into Aberdeen's architecture:
"A centre building, 150 feet long, 50 feet wide, 60 feet high. 450,000 cubic feet at 6d: £11,250 Two side buildings, each 80 feet by 40, and 40 feet high. 128,000 cubic feet at 6d: 6,400 Medical class-rooms at end of garden: 1,500 Allowance for porticoes: 2,000 ______ £21,500" [From G. M. Fraser. Archibald Simpson, Architect and his times. A study in the making of Aberdeen. Published in the Aberdeen Weekly Journal between April and October 1918] Architectural plans are a fascinating insight into days gone by. Although at first glance appearing fairly basic, on closer inspection the plan allows us to view one of the Granite City's best loved landmarks through the eyes of the students learning in amphitheatre-style lecture rooms, anatomical museums and dissecting rooms in 19th Century Aberdeen. Orphan Girls' Asylum
263 A Keith & Gibb lithographic print of a drawing of Mrs. Elmslie Insititute buildings by its architect Archibald Simpson. Life on Albyn Place is also depicted. Treasure 69: Mrs Elmslie's Institution Plans by Archibald Simpson, 1837
269 Mrs Elmslie was one of a number of Victorian philanthropic benefactors sympathetic to the plight of those who were poor, neglected or homeless and on 19 November 1840, she opened the Aberdeen Female Orphan Asylum - known also as Mrs Elmslie's Institution - on 19 Albyn Place.
This lithograph shows the building as originally envisaged by architect Archibald Simpson with little gate-houses at either side of the street entrance. Aberdeen City Libraries hold a series of 14 plans of the granite building which have been bound together into a single volume. The collection includes elevations, sections and floor plans dated September 1837.
The Orphan Asylum closed its doors on 27 July 1891 and the remaining girls were transferred to the Girls' Home and School of Domestic Economy on King Street. The building was sold to the Aberdeen School Board for £4,500 and, after extensive additions and refurbishment, it became the new home of Aberdeen High School for Girls, renamed as Harlaw Academy in 1970.
Find out more about Mrs Elmslie and her Institution, including its rules and regulations, daily meals and class timetables, in the Treasures from our Collections exhibition on touchscreens in Central, Airyhall, Tillydrone and Mastrick libraries. |