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Stop 11: Early Health Services at Aberdeen General Dispensary, Vaccine and Lying-in Institution, 1823
2310 We have to use our imagination a little as the street known affectionately by locals as the 'Gushie' no longer exists other than Provost Skene's House which has the address of 45 Guestrow. In 1823 The General Dispensary, Vaccine and Lying-In Hospital opened in Guestrow, a street that ran parallel to Broad Street from where approximately the Illicit Still is today to where it joined Upperkirkgate.
The General Dispensary, Vaccine and Lying-in Hospital gave free medical advice and treatment to all that required it. These early health services were provided for poorer families often living in the East End of Aberdeen who couldn't afford to pay for medicine, vaccines or to see a doctor. Although a team of doctors were employed at the Institution, young medical students from across the road here at Marischal College also undertook some of their training at the Institution.
The Lying-In part of the Hospital was for women who, once they had had their babies, would 'lie in' for a few weeks as they had such poor living conditions at home. In 1880 it was recorded that 3327 cases were dealt with in that one year alone. It wasn't until 1892 that midwives were employed, recognizing the need for specialist nursing care for pregnant women. This greatly improved the nursing care provided and understanding of the specific needs of mothers and babies.
A famous daughter of Aberdeen who has shaped midwifery throughout the world is Maggie Myles (1892-1988) who wrote her groundbreaking book Textbook for Midwives 'With Modern Concepts of Obstetrics and Neo-natal Care' in 1953, the year before she retired. Maggie produced a further nine editions, each kept up-to-date with the latest developments and best practice. The book has been translated into many languages and is recognized as the leading international textbook for midwives. The book is now in its 15th edition. Born in 1892 in Aberdeen the daughter of a housepainter and former domestic servant Maggie Myles life story is truly remarkable. Migrating to Canada soon after leaving school Maggie would rise to become the director of midwifery education in Philadelphia and Detroit before returning to Scotland in 1939 to be Midwifery Tutor at Simpson Memorial Maternity Pavilion in Edinburgh.
Memories:
Heather's memories of Billie Maver and the General Dispensary
Nora recounts her memories of Maggie Myles
Edith shares her memories of Maggie Myles Harry and Jessie M. Gordon
2694 The caskets of popular local entertainer Harry Gordon (11 July 1893 - 21 January 1957) and his wife Jessie M. Gordon (d. 6 March 1959) in the old crematorium at Kaimhill.
Gordon was known as 'The Laird of Inversnecky' and was particularly associated with Aberdeen's Beach Pavilion. Aberdeen Local Studies have a large collection of programmes for his shows.
For more information on his life and career see Harry Gordon: The Laird of Inversnecky by Iain Watson (1993), available at Aberdeen City Libraries.
This photograph was kindly donated to Local Studies by our colleagues in the Masterplanning, Design and Conservation Team. On the Sands at Aberdeen
3126 A postcard image showing a busy scene on Aberdeen Beach, most likely in the 1930s. Stalls selling ices and changing tents can be seen on the beach. Above on the promenade, going north to south, the Beach Shelter, Bathing Station and the Pavilion can also be seen. The latter advertises Harry Gordon's Entertainers. Mannofield Cricket Ground
3175 A postcard image showing a match between Braemar and Aberdeenshire at Mannofield Cricket Ground. The inscription on the right indicates the photograph was taken from inside the ground's pavilion.
The postcard was published by E. Groundwater at the Mannofield Post Office. Aberdeen Theatres: The New Pavilion
3380 A poster from 1931 for The New Pavilion at Aberdeen beach. The poster lists many of the acts performing as part of Harry Gordon's Entertainments and gives a start date of 29th June. The box office for the theatre is given as Paterson, Sons, & Marr Wood, 183 Union Street.
In 1908 a young Harry Gordon won a talent competition at the Pavilion and so began his association with the theatre. He entertained visitors at the Beach Pavilion throughout the 1920s and 30s with his stories about the imaginary village of Inversnecky and songs such as "The Auldest Aiberdonian", "Hilly's Man" and "The Rodin Tree".
The Pavilion was closed during the Second World War, though reopened in 1946. Harry Gordon had given up his tenancy by this point. In the 1950s it was advertised as "the city's variety house by the golden sands presenting a bright and breezy variety show with well-known Radio and TV stars".
Resident comedians included Dave Willis and George Lacey and there were occasional appearances by future stars such as Julie Andrews. Plays were performed and films shown throughout the summer months.
In 1962 the Pavilion was re-named the Gaiety and became a licensed restaurant, public bar and lounge. It functioned as a restaurant in the Queens Links leisure complex until the remnants of the original building were destroyed by fire in 2014. Aberdeen Theatres: The Pavilion on the Promenade
3381 The Beach Promenade between the wars was a busy venue for holiday makers and locals alike.
On the left of the photograph can be seen the Beach Pavilion, home to Harry Gordon's Entertainers. The theatre originally opened as a wooden structure on 6th May 1906. Following many successful summer seasons a new, improved Pavilion opened in 1928, seen here.
In 1962 the Pavilion was re-named the Gaiety and became a licensed restaurant, public bar and lounge. It functioned as a restaurant in the Queens Links leisure complex until the remnants of the original building were destroyed by fire in 2014.
The Beach Bathing Station can be seen in the background. Aberdeen Theatres: Pavilion programmes
3382 For more than 30 years Harry Gordon, one of Scotland's most talented comedians of the 20th Century, dominated Aberdeen's entertainment industry and prompted local historian Fenton Wyness to describe him as "possibly the only real attraction Aberdeen beach has ever had". Aberdeen Local Studies hold a collection of bound volumes of Beach Pavilion programmes, published between 1924 and 1940.
The Beach Pavilion opened in 1905 and later became the home of Harry Gordon, the Laird of Inversnecky and one of Aberdeen's most popular comedians. He entertained visitors at the Beach Pavilion throughout the 1920s and 1930s, helping to make the Beach Pavilion one of the brightest and best places of entertainment in town and brought many world-famous artists to Aberdeen.
The final curtain came down with the Second World War. Due to its vulnerable location, many people were reluctant to go the Beach and the Pavilion was closed during the war years. It was re-opened in 1946 (although Harry Gordon had given up his tenancy by then) and continued as an entertainment venue. Aberdeen Theatres: Dufton Scott
3393 Robert Dufton Scott (1880-1944), born in Forgue, was another prominent North-East entertainer.
Much can be learnt of his life from the Press & Journal obituary that followed his death at his home at 3 Kirkland Terrace, Inverurie on 19th September 1944. He was sixty four years of age.
He is described as a well known elocutionist and exponent of Aberdeenshire doric. He spent his youth in Huntly and later moved to Aberdeen. The P&J suggest his "vivid delineation of Aberdeen life and character" quickly placed him at the forefront of Scottish entertainers.
He toured with Walker & Company, the local cinema pioneers, and appeared on the same bill as artists such as James Scott Skinner, Durward Lely, Mackenzie Murdoch and Jessie McLachlan.
He was associated with David Thomson at the Beach Pavilion and also appeared in concerts at the Music Hall.
Additionally, Scott found success publishing books of Scottish stories and broadcasting on the radio. In the 1910s he had moved to Inverurie and had set up business as a bookseller.
He was survived by his wife and three sons.
Aberdeen Theatres: Harry Gordon
3395 A photographic portrait of the entertainer Harry Gordon (1893-1957) by Frank Arthur Swaine. Gordon was born in Aberdeen as Alexander Gordon and rose to prominence on the stages of the North-East.
He was known as "The Laird of Inversnecky" and was particularly associated with Aberdeen's Beach Pavilion. Aberdeen Local Studies have a large collection of programmes for his shows. He also played in other venues around Aberdeen like the His Majesty's Theatre and the Music Hall.
Gordon was a pioneer of resident shows in variety theatres in Glasgow, Edinburgh and Dundee. He performed extensively in pantomimes, particuarly in Glasgow. He also worked with the BBC in the 1920s and 1930s and produced many records.
His first performance in London was in 1929 at the Palladium and he toured in American in 1948 and 1949.
For more information on his life and career see Harry Gordon: The Laird of Inversnecky by Iain Watson (1993), available at Aberdeen City Libraries. Union Terrace Gardens: before and after 1
4254 Above, a before image showing two figures looking up at the Burns Statue on Union Terrace. Cowdray Hall and the Triple Kirks spire are visible in the background. This image was taken on 10/06/2015.
The after photograph below shows the statue in front of the park's new Burns Pavilion. Union Terrace has been revamped with increased walking space and new street furniture. Taken on 26/07/2023.
This composite image is part of a series by Roddy Millar showing Union Terrace Gardens and its surrounds before, during and after its major redevelopment. Union Terrace Gardens: before and after 2
4255 A before image showing Union Terrace Gardens on a misty day. To the left can be seen the Burns Statue on Union Terrace, while the path on the right leads further into the gardens. Taken on 13/05/2017.
The after image shows the new Burns Pavilion directly ahead. New railings can be seen on the gardens' walkways. The Burns Statue is visible on the left side of the image. Taken on 26/06/2023.
This composite image is part of a series by Roddy Millar showing Union Terrace Gardens and its surrounds before and after its major redevelopment. Union Terrace Gardens: before and after 5
4265 The before image shows a man relaxing on a bench in an upper part of the gardens. Construction work on the Point development around Triple Kirks is shown in the background. Taken on 12/05/2018.
The after image shows a family strolling past the lower section of the Burns Pavilion on one of the new walkways. The now completed Point development is in the background. Taken on 26/07/2023.
This composite image is part of a series by Roddy Millar showing Union Terrace Gardens and its surrounds before and after its major redevelopment. Union Terrace Gardens: before and after 7
4267 The before image shows the Wallace Statue in front of a gated garden area. The Union Terrace slipway is on the left. Taken on 13/08/2019.
The after image shows the statue, now with water feature, surrounded by an enlarged pedestrian space. The Common Sense coffee house and bar occupies the Rosemount Pavilion in the background. Taken on 26/06/2023.
This composite image is part of a series by Roddy Millar showing Union Terrace Gardens and its surrounds before and after its major redevelopment. Union Terrace Gardens: before and after 11
4295 The before image looks east towards the statue of Edward VII at the junction of Union Street and Union Terrace. Trees at the southern end of the gardens are shown on the left. Taken on 19/07/2019.
The after photograph shows the Union Street Pavilion on the left. The spires of the South Parish Church building on Belmont Street and St. Nicholas Kirk are visible in the background. New ramped access to the park can also be seen. Taken on 20/08/2023.
This composite image is part of a series by Roddy Millar showing Union Terrace Gardens and its surrounds before and after its major redevelopment. Union Terrace Gardens: before and after 12
4296 The before image shows a pedestrian walking past planters and the Edward VII statue with trees in the background. Taken on 28/08/2019.
The after photograph shows new wildflower planting and the Union Street Pavilion behind Edward VII. Taken on 24/08/2023.
This composite image is part of a series by Roddy Millar showing Union Terrace Gardens and its surrounds before and after its major redevelopment. Union Terrace Gardens: before and after 13
4297 The above image shows the Union Terrace end of the gardens during redevelopment. Girders to support the absent Edward VII statue are being installed and the Union Street Pavilion is under construction. Taken on 28/07/2021.
The after photograph shows two people enjoying the seating within the finished area. Taken on 20/08/2023.
This composite image is part of a series by Roddy Millar showing Union Terrace Gardens and its surrounds before and after its major redevelopment. Treasure 62: City of Aberdeen Links and Sea Beach Layout Plan showing Proposed Development (August 1923)
238 In its heyday Aberdeen attracted visitors from all over the UK and established itself as one of Britain's leading holiday resorts. This is the Links and Sea Beach Development Plan of 1923 which ultimately led to the transformation of Aberdeen into a first class holiday resort.
In September 1919, Aberdeen Town Council took the decision to develop and improve Aberdeen Beach with the construction of a large entertainments building comprising a concert hall, restaurant, dining room, dance hall and lounge, beach pavilion and two shopping arcades.
Messrs. Roberts and Hume of Bathgate were chosen to design the proposed scheme in 1926, at an estimated cost of £42,717. The final design incorporated all requested features excluding the shopping arcades, but the dance hall - known now as Aberdeen Beach Ballroom - became one of the finest dance halls in Scotland. Treasure 65: Beach Pavilion Programmes
241 For more than 30 years Harry Gordon, one of Scotland's most talented comedians of the 20th Century, dominated Aberdeen's entertainment industry and prompted local historian Fenton Wyness to describe him as "possibly the only real attraction Aberdeen beach has ever had". Aberdeen Local Studies hold a collection of bound volumes of Beach Pavilion programmes, published between 1924 and 1940.
The Beach Pavilion opened in 1905 and later became the home of Harry Gordon, the 'Laird of Inversnecky' and one of Aberdeen's most popular comedians. He entertained visitors at the Beach Pavilion throughout the 1920s and 1930s helped to make the Beach Pavilion one of the brightest and best places of entertainment in town, bringing many world-famous artists to Aberdeen.
The final curtain came down with the Second World War. Due to its vulnerable location, many people were reluctant to go the Beach and the Pavilion was closed during the war years. It was re-opened in 1946 (although Harry Gordon had given up his tenancy by then) and continued as an entertainment venue. In 1962 the Pavilion was re-named the Gaiety and became a licensed restaurant, public bar and lounge. It then functioned as a restaurant in the Queens Links leisure complex but the remaining remnants of the original building were sadly destroyed by fire in May 2014. Elevation of the principal front
533 An architectural plan showing the principal, south facing elevation of a new Aberdeen Infirmary at Woolmanhill as proposed by Archibald Simpson (1790-1847).
The plan labelled as "no. 8", is one of two original elevations for the infirmary presented to the Aberdeen Public Library on 5th November 1908 by local architect, William Kelly (1861-1944).
Attached to the back of this elevation is a letter sent by Kelly to G. M. Fraser, city librarian. It states that one of the elevations is drawn on paper watermarked 1828 and both are signed 3rd April 1832. Kelly also suggests "the egg-shaped form of the dome is a very interesting point."
The Dictionary of Scottish Architects indicates that Kelly worked on additions and extensions to Woolmanhill Hospital on a number of occasions in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
The handwritten dating of the plan that Kelly refers to in his letter reads as follows:
"Aberdeen 3rd April 1832. Plan referred to in Minutes of the Infirmary Meeting of this date." This inscription is accompanied by the signature of James Hadden (1758-1845), who was provost of Aberdeen numerous times, including between 1830 and 1832.
This building, known as the Simpson Pavilion, replaced an earlier infirmary at the Woolmanhill site. Aberdeen City Council's Historic Environment Record states that construction of the original hospital started in 1740 to the design of William Christall, and it opened in 1742 with 20 beds. This earlier infirmary was demolished following the completion of the Simpson designed replacement.
Historic Environment Scotland (HES), in the building's entry on their listed buildings portal, states that the Simpson Pavilion was built between 1833 and 1840 and "is a rare example of an early nineteenth century hospital building, which is largely unaltered to its street elevations and plan-form." The HES description provides much detail on the design, history of the building and its architectural significance.
In the later 19th and into the 20th century, various extensions and additions joined the Simpson Pavilion to create a significant hospital complex.
Aberdeen City Council's Historic Environment Record states that though replaced by a new Aberdeen Royal Infirmary at Foresterhill in the 1930s, Woolmanhill remained in use as a hospital until 2017. Elevation of the west front
534 An architectural plan showing the west facing elevation of a new Aberdeen Infirmary at Woolmanhill as proposed by Archibald Simpson (1790-1847).
The plan labelled as "no. 9", is one of two original elevations for the infirmary presented to the Aberdeen Public Library on 5th November 1908 by local architect, William Kelly (1861-1944).
Attached to the back of this elevation is a letter sent by Kelly to G. M. Fraser, city librarian. It states that one of the elevations is drawn on paper watermarked 1828 and both are signed 3rd April 1832. Kelly also suggests "the egg-shaped form of the dome is a very interesting point."
The Dictionary of Scottish Architects indicates that Kelly worked on additions and extensions to Woolmanhill Hospital on a number of occasions in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
The handwritten dating of the plan that Kelly refers to in his letter reads as follows:
"Aberdeen 3rd April 1832. Plan referred to in Minutes of the Infirmary Meeting of this date." This inscription is accompanied by the signature of James Hadden (1758-1845), who was provost of Aberdeen numerous times, including between 1830 and 1832.
This building, known as the Simpson Pavilion, replaced an earlier infirmary at the Woolmanhill site. Aberdeen City Council's Historic Environment Record states that construction of the original hospital started in 1740 to the design of William Christall, and it opened in 1742 with 20 beds. This earlier infirmary was demolished following the completion of the Simpson designed replacement.
Historic Environment Scotland (HES), in the building's entry on their listed buildings portal, states that the Simpson Pavilion was built between 1833 and 1840 and "is a rare example of an early nineteenth century hospital building, which is largely unaltered to its street elevations and plan-form." The HES provides much detail on the design, history of the building and its architectural significance.
In the later 19th and into the 20th century, various extensions and additions joined the Simpson Pavilion to create a significant hospital complex.
Aberdeen City Council's Historic Environment Record states that though replaced by a new Aberdeen Royal Infirmary at Foresterhill in the 1930s, Woolmanhill remained in use as a hospital until 2017. General plan of the infirmary ground, and adjacent streets with the new building as proposed
535 A cloth architectural plan showing the proposed layout of a new infirmary at Woolmanhill, including grounds, in relation to nearby streets and geographical features. This new general hospital was designed by Archibald Simpson and constructed between 1833 and 1840.
The handwritten inscription in the bottom right reads as follows:
"Aberdeen 3rd April 1832. Plan referred to in Minutes of the Infirmary Meeting of this date."
This is accompanied by the signature of James Hadden (1758-1845), who was provost of Aberdeen numerous times, including between 1830 and 1832.
The plan identifies a number of features of the proposed building: a court, two porticos, two terraces, a garden, a drying yard, a wash house and brew house, and shrubbery around its border. A lodge can also be seen to its south east.
Identified nearby features include Woolman Hill, Black's Buildings, the Denburn, Skene Street and Spaw Street (Spa Street).
The shown building, which became known as the Simpson Pavilion, replaced an earlier general infirmary at the Woolmanhill site. Aberdeen City Council's Historic Environment Record states that construction of the original hospital started in 1740 to the design of William Christall, and it opened in 1742 with 20 beds. This earlier infirmary was demolished following the completion of the Simpson designed replacement.
Historic Environment Scotland (HES), in the building's entry on their listed buildings portal, states that the Simpson Pavilion "is a rare example of an early nineteenth century hospital building, which is largely unaltered to its street elevations and plan-form." The HES provides much detail on the design, history of the building and its architectural significance.
In the later 19th and into the 20th century, various extensions and additions joined the Simpson Pavilion to create a significant hospital complex.
Aberdeen City Council's Historic Environment Record states that though replaced by a new Aberdeen Royal Infirmary at Foresterhill in the 1930s, Woolmanhill remained in use as a hospital until 2017. |